Sunday, March 22, 2009

Top 10 Things to Do in Your 20s for a Long, Healthy Life

Top 10 Things to Do in Your 20s for a Long, Healthy Life

By Mark Stibich, Ph.D., About.com

Longevity may not be the first thing on your mind in your 20s, but there are things you can do right now that will help to assure you a long, healthy life. It is easier to build healthy habits now then to try to change them later. Here are some things you can do to improve your life expectancy.

1. Avoid Accidents and Violence

The top three leading causes of death for people in their 20s are accidents, homicide and suicide. You can make sure you make it through your 20s by buckling your seat belt, avoiding dangerous situations, and seeking help if you need it.

2. Don't Smoke

Nothing chops years off your life faster than smoking. While the risks of smoking have been well publicized, an unbelievable 20% of adults still smoke. While smoking will take years off your life, it can also make many of the years that you do have rather miserable. The good news is that even if you smoke now, quitting will give you tremendous benefits.

3. Find & Maintain Friendships

Being in a good relationship can add up to 5 healthy years to your life. Your 20s are a good time to shop around, make a good choice about friends and significant others and learn about what you need in a relationship.

4. Establish an Exercise Routine

Use your 20s to establish a healthy exercise schedule. Figure out what kind of exercise you like and what works with your schedule. The most important thing is the routine. Exercise at least 3 times per week. You'll have more energy and fitness now and you will establish a lifelong habit of exercising.

5. Establish Healthy Eating Habits

Heart disease is the number one killer in the US and it is also largely preventable. Take time now to establish lifelong eating habits. Learn to control your portion size, slow down your eating, choose whole grains and vegetables, and avoid unhealthy fats.

6. Have Friends

Studies have also shown that people with a strong friendship network live longer and healthier. Friends are easy to form in your 20s before you get settled in a career, a relationship and a family. Invest in your friendships, take a trip together, make those phone calls.

7. Learn to Relax

Stress also drains away health, both now and in the future. Chronic stress contributes to heart disease, stroke, and many other illness. Learn simple relaxation techniques, laugh a lot, and enjoy life.

8. Find Healthy Work

Demands from work can place a huge burden on our health. Stress, long hours, and strained relationships can reduce our life expectancy. Find work that is healthy, meaningful and fulfilling.

9. Have a Purpose

Having a purpose can add healthy years to your life. Studies have shown that people who attend religious services live longer than those who do not. Find a way to maintain a deep sense of meaning in your life to give direction now and for decades to come.

10. Change How You Think About Aging

Studies show that having a positive perception about aging can add 7 years to your life. Aging is not an inevitable decline in function and ability. If you adopt healthy behaviors now, you can have health into your 90s and beyond.

Friday, March 13, 2009

Health Risk Factors and Quality of Life

Smoking, Alcohol, Inactivity and Obesity

QALYs (quality-adjusted life years) are a way researchers can look at the total impact of a risk factor on quality of life. QALYs combine reductions in life expectancy with loss of health causing disability and pain. The calculations can be complex, but the way to think about QALYs is the number of healthy, disability-free years of life. Here are some risk factors and their QALY number.

Smoking and Quality of Life

A 25 year old who smokes can expect to lose 10 to 11 QALYs compared to a person who never smoked.

High Alcohol Consumption and Quality of Life

A 25 year old who drinks can expect to loose 5 (men) or 3 (women) QALYs compared to someone who drinks less.

Physical Activity and Quality of Life

A 25 year old who is inactive can expect to lose 7 QALYs compared to someone who is active.

Obesity and Quality of Life

An obese 25 year old can expect to lose 3 (men) or 6 (women) QALYs compared to a person with healthy weight.

Quality of Life and Risk Factors

As the numbers above show, health risk factors impact more than just life expectancy -- they decrease a person's health span (the number of years a person lives without illness or disability). Remember that when looking at these numbers, a 25-year-old person has about 55 years of life remaining (on average, give or take). The goal is to have 55 QALYs as well (in other have all those years be healthy). A loss of 5.5 QALYs means a loss of 10% of potential health. That is extremely significant. So eliminate those risk factors and regain your QALYs.

Source:

Brønnum-Hansen H, Juel K, Davidsen M, Sørensen J. Impact of selected risk factors on quality-adjusted life expectancy in Denmark.Scand J Public Health. 2007 May 4;:1-6.